HerbaHAID Kunyit Asam

In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Curcuma domestica, particularly through the downregulation of COX-2, which is associated with pain relief. This modulation of COX-2 expression could be a potential pathway for alleviating pain, as research indicates that C. domestica has been shown to prolong latency time and reduce pain response in thermal- and chemical-induced pain models in rats. Furthermore, its spasmolytic effect on intestinal muscle contraction highlights another potential mechanism that may benefit individuals suffering from menstrual cramps. Similarly, T. indica pulp extract has shown significant analgesic activity, suggesting pathways for pain reduction across various models, alongside its spasmolytic properties observed in rabbit intestinal smooth muscle. Additionally, P. macrocarpa extract contributes to pain reduction by decreasing COX-2 transcription levels, indicating yet another possible pathway for therapeutic intervention. P. retrofractum has also shown promise as an anti-inflammatory agent by suppressing the NF-κB pathway, which could provide further avenues for treatment. Collectively, these plant extracts may interact through multiple pathways, offering potential therapeutic benefits for conditions like premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and other related disorders.